Sunday, March 1, 2009

Walnuts

By Ian Nathaniel

These are the tiny little plums often found in the hedgerows of Great Britain. They are forms of the species Prunus insititia.

In the case of bush trees the leaders should be cut back by about a quarter or a little more, with the idea of keeping the tops of the branches level. This is usually done in the early summer when the growing shoots are succulent and when not more than five or six leaves have been formed. The tip is pinched out with the finger and thumb, and the result is the buds which lie below become fruit buds. Any weak shoots found at the time should not be pinched back as these will bear the male catkins. This pinching back of the shoots can be done any time during the growing season.

Don't attempt to prune nuts severely in the winter or the wood the trees will bleed badly. Don't prune the trees any time between Christmas and May. One of the big problems in connection with walnuts is that which concerns the male catkins. Very often these do not appear early enough in the life of a tree. Secondly, there are varieties which bear their male flowers long before the female. It is therefore a good thing to plant a pollinator which will produce plenty of male catkins.

Walnuts are quite happy to grow in a lawn and it is only necessary to cultivate for 3 or 4 feet around the trees for the first two or three years. After that the grass may be allowed to grow right up to the trunks, but it should of course be cut regularly.

Because the cherry-like fruits are available in July they are welcomed by the housewife.

Sometimes quinces tend to over-crop and then they give a breakdown harvest one year and nothing the next. Under these circumstances, it is better to thin out the fruits by 50 per cent when they are the size of a walnut. The actual harvesting of the quinces need not be done until November, and if the fruit is -to be stored it must not be put into the same room as apples or pears or it is apt to impose its flavour on the latter. It is quite easy to keep quinces for two or three months in boxes filled with bran or clean sawdust, on their own.

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